2026 Edition

State of Sustainability 2026

A data-driven snapshot of where the world stands on energy, emissions, nature, finance, and the transition to a sustainable economy.

80
Data Points
13
Sectors Covered
78
Cited Sources
3,700
Articles Indexed
01

Global Energy Transition

The shift from fossil fuels to clean energy accelerated in 2025, with renewables crossing critical deployment and cost thresholds.

4,200+GW
Global renewable electricity capacity
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$20-35/MWh
Solar LCOE (utility-scale)
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120+GWh
Global battery storage deployments
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20.5million
Global EV sales (2025)
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$2.1trillion
Clean energy investment (2025)
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95GW
Offshore wind capacity (global)
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$3.50-5.50/kg
Green hydrogen production cost
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78GW
Nuclear capacity under construction
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02

Climate and Emissions

Global emissions plateaued but have not yet peaked decisively, while the carbon budget for 1.5 degrees C continues to shrink.

37.8Gt CO2
Global CO2 emissions (energy-related)
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427ppm
Atmospheric CO2 concentration
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+1.35degrees C above pre-industrial
Global mean temperature anomaly (2025)
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~200Gt CO2
Remaining carbon budget (1.5 degrees C, 50%)
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390Mt CH4/yr
Methane emissions (anthropogenic)
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149countries
Countries with net-zero targets (legislated or in policy)
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03

Carbon Markets and Climate Finance

Carbon pricing coverage expanded while the voluntary carbon market rebuilt credibility through the ICVCM Core Carbon Principles.

24% of global GHG emissions
Global carbon pricing coverage
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65-75EUR/tCO2
EU ETS allowance price (2025 average)
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$1.7billion
Voluntary carbon market value
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$950billion
Green, social, sustainability bond issuance (2025)
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$116billion/yr
Climate finance flows to developing countries
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14.2billion tCO2e
Carbon credits retired (compliance + voluntary)
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04

Circular Economy and Materials

Circularity rates remain low globally, but EPR frameworks are expanding rapidly and recycled content mandates are driving material innovation.

7.2%
Global circularity rate
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106billion tonnes/yr
Global material extraction
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420Mt/yr
Plastic production (global)
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64Mt/yr
E-waste generated (global)
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50+countries
Countries with mandatory EPR for packaging
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12.6Mt/yr
Textile waste generated (EU)
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05

Nature, Biodiversity and Land Use

The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework entered its implementation phase, with 30x30 commitments driving new protected area designations.

17.6% of land area
Protected area coverage (terrestrial)
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8.3% of ocean area
Protected area coverage (marine)
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3.7million hectares
Global forest loss (2025)
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1,200+organizations
Nature-related financial disclosures (TNFD adopters)
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$180million
Biodiversity credit market value
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500+companies
Deforestation-free commodity commitments
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06

Built Environment and Buildings

Buildings account for 37% of global energy-related CO2 emissions, making decarbonization of the built environment a critical priority.

12.6Gt CO2
Building sector CO2 emissions
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24million units
Heat pump sales (global)
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3.9Gt CO2e/yr
Embodied carbon in new construction
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3,800+buildings
Net-zero buildings certifications (cumulative)
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85Mt/yr
Green cement production (low-carbon)
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1.0%/yr
Global building retrofit rate
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07

Food Systems and Agriculture

Food systems generate roughly one-third of global GHG emissions while feeding 8.1 billion people. Regenerative and precision agriculture offer scalable solutions.

17.3Gt CO2e/yr
Food system GHG emissions
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1.05billion tonnes/yr
Global food loss and waste
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28million hectares
Regenerative agriculture adoption
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$19billion
Alternative protein market value
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$12.8billion
Precision agriculture technology market
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96million hectares
Organic farmland (global)
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08

Corporate ESG and Disclosure

Mandatory sustainability disclosure is now the norm in major economies, with the ISSB standards providing a global baseline.

~50,000companies
Companies subject to CSRD reporting
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25+jurisdictions
ISSB adoption/alignment jurisdictions
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8,900+companies
Companies setting science-based targets (SBTi)
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$41trillion
ESG assets under management (global)
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67%
Corporate net-zero commitments (Fortune Global 500)
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140+enforcement actions
Greenwashing regulatory actions (2025)
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09

Climate Adaptation and Resilience

As climate impacts intensify, adaptation finance and resilience planning are finally receiving proportionate attention from governments and investors.

$380billion
Global economic losses from weather disasters (2025)
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$63billion/yr
Adaptation finance (global)
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72countries
Countries with National Adaptation Plans (NAPs)
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$1.4trillion/yr
Climate insurance coverage gap
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2.4billion
People affected by extreme heat events (2025)
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1,200+cities
Urban areas with climate resilience plans
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10

AI and Digital Technology

AI is simultaneously accelerating climate solutions and creating a massive new source of energy demand, as data center power consumption surges past the electricity use of entire nations.

460TWh/yr
Global data center electricity consumption
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46GW
US data center power demand
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$7.2billion
AI for energy optimization savings (North America)
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$2.8billion
Venture capital in AI for energy optimization
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71% of large companies
Companies with responsible AI commitments
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750+events
Satellite methane super-emitter detections
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11

Mobility and Transport

Transport decarbonization is accelerating through EV charging buildout and sustainable aviation fuel production, but cost premiums for green maritime and aviation fuels remain the central challenge.

4.5million
Global public EV chargers installed
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$141,000per charger
Average US DC fast charger deployment cost
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1million tonnes/yr
Sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) production
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600+vessels in 2024
Alternative-fueled ship orders
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$1-1.4trillion cumulative to 2050
Maritime decarbonization investment needed
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2-10xconventional fuel price
Green fuel cost premium (aviation and maritime)
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12

Water Security and Oceans

Water stress is intensifying across every continent, driving rapid growth in desalination and water reuse technologies that offer drought-resilient supply at declining costs.

$100+billion/yr
Global water security and desalination market
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$2.5billion/yr
Reverse osmosis membrane market
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30%
EU population facing water stress
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0.5-1.5kWh per cubic meter
Water reuse cost vs desalination
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200+billion EUR through 2030
EU water infrastructure investment needed
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37%
Food companies with farm-to-shelf traceability
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13

Supply Chains and Scope 3 Emissions

Scope 3 emissions represent 75% of a typical company's carbon footprint, yet fewer than half of reporting firms have set reduction targets, creating the largest gap between climate ambition and action.

75% (average)
Scope 3 as share of total corporate emissions
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1,100companies
Companies with SBTi-approved Scope 3 targets
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40,000+supplier-level disclosures
CDP Supply Chain disclosures
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43%
Companies reporting Scope 3 to CDP
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50-80% higher than inventories
Actual oil and gas methane vs reported
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~50,000EU companies by 2026
Companies subject to CSRD Scope 3 reporting
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Sustainability Atlas Coverage

This data snapshot draws on and is informed by the 3,700 research articles published on Sustainability Atlas, covering 25 pillars and 235 topic clusters.

Top pillars by article count

Clean Energy425 articles
Climate Finance & Markets298 articles
Circular Economy282 articles
Mobility & Built Environment240 articles
Policy, Standards & Strategy228 articles
Adaptation & Resilience197 articles
Food, Agriculture & Materials182 articles
Climate Tech & Data163 articles
Climate Action139 articles
Sustainable Supply Chains136 articles

Sources and Methodology

All statistics in this snapshot are sourced from peer-reviewed research, intergovernmental organizations (IEA, IRENA, UNEP, FAO, World Bank), industry bodies, and established data providers. Click any data point to see its specific source. Where ranges are provided, they reflect variation across methodologies or regions. Data is as of Q1 2026 unless otherwise noted.

View all 78 sources
  • Accenture Responsible AI Survey 2025
  • BPIE Deep Renovation Report 2025
  • Biodiversity Credit Alliance Market Overview 2025
  • Bloomberg Intelligence Global ESG AUM 2026
  • BloombergNEF Clean Energy Investment Tracker 2025
  • BloombergNEF Energy Storage Outlook 2026
  • BloombergNEF LCOE Analysis H2 2025
  • C40 Annual Report 2025
  • CDP Global Disclosure Report 2025
  • CDP Supply Chain Programme Report 2025
  • CDP Supply Chain Report 2025
  • Circularity Gap Report 2026 (Circle Economy)
  • Climate Bonds Initiative Market Intelligence 2026
  • Climate Policy Initiative Global Landscape of Climate Finance 2025
  • Ecosystem Marketplace State of VCM 2026
  • European Commission CSRD Implementation Report 2025
  • European Commission CSRD Implementation Status 2025
  • European Environment Agency 2025
  • European Environment Agency Water Resources Report 2025
  • European Investment Bank Water Sector Report 2025
  • FAO State of Food Traceability 2025
  • FAO/Nature Food Systems Emissions Update 2025
  • FiBL/IFOAM World of Organic Agriculture 2026
  • Forest 500 Assessment 2025 (Global Canopy)
  • GCCA Getting the Numbers Right 2025
  • GFI State of the Industry Report 2025
  • GWEC Global Offshore Wind Report 2026
  • Global Carbon Project 2025
  • Global Forest Watch/WRI 2026
  • Global Maritime Forum Transition Strategy 2025
  • Global Methane Budget 2025
  • Global Water Intelligence Market Forecast 2026
  • Hydrogen Council Global Hydrogen Review 2026
  • IATA Sustainability Report 2024
  • ICAP Emissions Trading Worldwide Status Report 2026
  • ICCT/MarketsandMarkets Fuel Cost Analysis 2025
  • ICE/EEX Market Data 2025
  • IEA CO2 Emissions in 2025
  • IEA Electricity 2025: Analysis and Forecast to 2027
  • IEA Global EV Outlook 2025
  • IEA Global EV Outlook 2026
  • IEA Global Methane Tracker 2024
  • IEA Heat Pumps Tracking Report 2026
  • IEA World Energy Investment 2026
  • IEA World Energy Outlook 2024
  • IFRS Foundation Jurisdictional Progress Report 2025
  • IRENA Renewable Capacity Statistics 2026
  • ITU/UNITAR Global E-waste Monitor 2025
  • International Water Association Global Water Reuse Report 2025
  • Lancet Countdown on Health and Climate Change 2025
  • Lloyd's Register World Fleet Statistics 2025
  • MarketsandMarkets Membrane Technology Forecast 2025
  • MarketsandMarkets Precision Agriculture Forecast 2025
  • McKinsey EV Charging Cost Analysis 2025
  • McKinsey/BloombergNEF Data Center Power Analysis 2025
  • Munich Re NatCatSERVICE 2026
  • NASA JPL EMIT Methane Catalog 2025
  • NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory 2026
  • Net Zero Tracker (Oxford/Energy & Climate Intelligence Unit) 2026
  • Net Zero Tracker Corporate Analysis 2025
  • OECD Climate Finance Report 2026
  • OECD EPR Database 2026
  • OECD Global Plastics Outlook 2026
  • Regenerative Agriculture Foundation Market Size Report 2025
  • RepRisk Greenwashing Monitor 2026
  • SBTi Annual Progress Report 2025
  • Swiss Re Sigma Report 2025
  • TNFD Status Report 2026
  • UN IRP Global Resources Outlook 2026
  • UNEP Food Waste Index 2025
  • UNEP Global Status Report for Buildings and Construction 2026
  • UNEP-WCMC Protected Planet Report 2026
  • UNFCCC NAP Central Registry 2026
  • WGBC Bringing Embodied Carbon Upfront 2025
  • WGBC Global Status Report 2026
  • WMO State of the Global Climate 2025
  • World Bank State and Trends of Carbon Pricing 2026
  • World Nuclear Association 2026

Last updated: March 3, 2026

Licensed under CC BY 4.0. Cite as: Sustainability Atlas, "State of Sustainability 2026," sustainableatlas.org.